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Volcanoes are exits in the earth's crust emitted by a group of gases, magma, and vapors in the ground to their surface, accompanied by the exit of these substances sometimes heavy explosions.
Three main types of ballistics come out of volcanoes: solid projectiles called Tephra, liquid projectiles called Lava, and gas projectiles.
The volcano consists of three parts: the cone, the shape of the volcano, formed from the magma that emerged from the volcano and gathered on its sides, and the second part is the nozzle; formed after the eruption of the eruption, the volcano may have more than a secondary nozzle beside the main nozzle , And the third part is called Kasbah; it has other names such as channel and neck, and magma runs through the casbah from the ground, to the central hole on the surface of the volcano, and vary volcanoes by different size, height, and area.
The largest volcano in the world
The volcano has been discovered by Professor William Sager of the University of Houston, who has studied the volcano for nearly 20 years and has proved that Tamo Massif is the largest A volcano in the world, with an area of 120 thousand square miles, that is about the size of New Mexico.
The volcano is located in the Pacific Ocean 1,600 kilometers east of Japan, with a peak of almost 2,000 meters below sea level, estimated to be about 145 million years old.
During the late Jurassic and early Cretaceous period, the volcano erupted from volcanic lava from the center of the volcano to its cold, layer-by-layer facades. Tamo Masif's activity ceased millions of years after its formation.
Professor William Sager says scientists are trying to figure out exactly how Tamo Masif is, as well as more work on peripheral plateaus and volcanoes that may be underwater.
Several factors have contributed to the delayed detection of the Tamo Masev volcano, including the remote location that made access to information very difficult. Tamo Masev has no clear mountain, while most of the volcanoes are clear mountains, It was believed that the volcano was a group of volcanoes, but the geochemical analysis proved that the lava came out of the same source, ie from one nozzle, so Tamo Masif is considered the largest volcano in the world.
The most destructive volcanoes in the world
Volcanoes differ from each other in the amount of destruction that ensues after each eruption, but there are volcanoes are the most destructive, including:
Mount Pelee: Pele volcano overlooks Saint Pierre in the Caribbean Sea and is 1,200 meters high.
In 1902, in April, dust and heavy dust burst from it. In May of that same year, quantities of mud burst from it, destroying a sugar factory and killing a number of people. In the year and the month themselves, the volcano erupted. A large population of 30 thousand.
Vesuvius volcano: located in Italy in the city of Pompeii on the west coast of Italy, overlooking the coast of Naples, whose revolution was described in 79 AD as devastating, as it left a great destruction to the city of Pompeii. This volcano erupted again in 1631 and killed 18000 people, Vesuvius is the only active volcano in continental Europe, and although its last revolution was in 1944, it still poses a great threat to the cities surrounding it.
Types of volcanoes
Volcanoes are classified according to their form and constituents to:
Drain volcanoes: When the lava is low viscosity from several vents and accumulates on top of each other, it is a wide dome shaped mountain shaped like a mountain. The volcanic eruptions are composed of shields, often with several secondary nozzles as well as the main nozzle.
One example is the Mona Lisa volcano in Hawaii.
Granular cones: These cones are formed when the pressure of gas on the low viscosity magma near the crater of the volcano, which causes a violent explosion from the crater, leading to the formation of a conical mountain.
The Barikotin volcano in Mexico is an example of cone volcanoes.
Composite volcanoes: Volcanoes are a medium between the volcanic and conical volcanoes. These volcanoes are composed of a mixture of Lava flows and Tefra explosions, which accumulate to form layers around the crater, forming a conical mountain tower.
Examples of volcanoes are the Mayon volcano in the Philippines.
Most active volcanoes in the world
Mount Yasur Volcano: Mount Yasur is an active volcano, located on the island of Tana, part of the Vanuatu archipelago in the South Pacific.
The Yasur volcano erupted for 111 years, continuously every three to four minutes. In May 2010, a cloud of the Yasur volcano rose in the air, reaching a height of about 1,828 meters and spreading to about 340 square kilometers.
Mount Bromo: Mount Bromo is a rocky block in East Java, Indonesia, with a height of about 2329 meters. The Mount Bromo volcano is a sacred place where the Kasada Festival is held. In addition, Tourist destination tourists come to see the ash rising from it and seeing the early sunrise.
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